Apirana Nohopari Turupa Ngata

Ngāti Porou

1874 - 1950

Apirana Ngata was born in Te Araroa, the son of Paratene Ngata and Katerina Naki. He was educated at Waiomatatini Native School from 1881-1883, and Te Aute College from 1883-86 and 1888-1890, where he won the Makarini Scholarship in both 1885 and 1889. Ngata attended the Canterbury College from 1891-93 and graduated with a B.A. degree in 1893 and an M.A.(Hons) in Political Science in 1894. Ngata won the Olla Podrida Prize for poetry during his years of study at Canterbury College. In 1894 he began working for the legal firm of Devore Cooper in Auckland. In 1896 Ngata graduated with an LL.B and became the first Māori to hold the degrees of M.A. and LL.B. In 1897 he was admitted as a barrister and solicitor. When Te Aute Students’ Association (later known as the Young Māori Party) was established, Ngata became its secretary and laid down his legal practice. From 1902-1904 Ngata was organising Inspector to Māori Councils and was elected to Parliament in 1905 as member for Eastern Māori; he remained a Member of Parliament for 38 years. He held the Native Affairs portfolio from 1909-1912 and In 1928, after the election of the United Government, Ngata was appointed Minister of Native Affairs, Minister of Cook Islands, Minister in Charge of Native Trust, Government Life Insurance, and State Fire Insurance Departments, and member of the Executive Council representing the native race. In 1931 Ngata was appointed Minister in Charge of the Legislative, Public Service Superannuation, Friendly Societies, and National Provident Fund departments. He resigned his portfolios in June, 1934. Ngata was knighted in 1927 and received a Doctorate of Literature from Victoria University in 1948. Ngata was a member of the Polynesian Society from 1895 and was elected President of the Society in 1939, an office he held until his death. Ngata was a prominent figure in the 20th century revival and retention of traditional Māori arts. He worked extensively on meeting houses throughout the country, and collected, edited and translated waiata for the Nga Moteatea volumes. He also worked on the revision of the Māori text of the Bible.

Biographical sources

  • Correspondence with Sir Henare Ngata, 4 Aug. 1998 and 29 July 2004.
  • Ramsden, Eric. Sir Apirana Ngata and Māori Culture. Wellington, N.Z.: Reed, 1948. 29-31, 41.
  • Countless Signs: The New Zealand Landscape in Literature. Comp. Trudie McNaughton. Auckland, N.Z.: Reed Methuen, 1986. 376.
  • Report of Young Māori Conference, 1939: v. No further details.
  • Hight, James and Candy, Alice M. F. A Short History of Canterbury College. Auckland, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1927. 204.

    Music

  • "Maranga! Ranga! Ra Ki Runga!" Diploma Day: Songs To Be Sung During the Ceremony By the Students. Canterbury College, Friday, 19th August, 1892. Christchurch, N.Z.: Whitcombe and Tombs, [1892]: 7. Rpt. in ‘Student’s Songs (Diploma Day at Canterbury College.)’ The Weekly Press 33.1434 (25 Aug. 1892): 4. Rpt. as "Maranga Ki Runga" with two different Māori verses but the same chorus in Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908. Scenes from the Past With Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Hone Heke and A.T. Ngata. Wellington, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1908. 19. Rpt. in The Māori of New Zealand, Past, Present and Future: With Illustrations of Māori Life and Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Rev. Hoani Parata. London: T. Hughes & Son, 1911. 37.
  • Although Ngata’s name is not specifically mentioned in the Diploma Day printing of this song, in A History of University Of Canterbury, 1873-1973, W. J. Gardener, E.T. Bearsley and T. E. Carter state that in ‘1892, A. T. Ngata led the students in a Māori chorus of his own composition.’ (162). The Press account of the 1892 Diploma Day states that ‘The graduates and undergraduates of Canterbury College are to be congratulated on the wit permeating throughout ‘the book of words’ of songs sung at Diploma Day celebration yesterday. All the songs were most happily fitted to popular airs, and a genial spirit of refined wit ran through them. The most enjoyable, and one which elicited loud applause, even from the lady students, was the song, ‘Maranga! ranga! ra ki ranga," with a Māori refrain, sweetly sung by one of the students.’ [The Press 20 Aug. 1892: 4.]
  • "Nga Tumanako O Nga Ra." In "Te Kotahitanga O Te Aute." Tipi-Whenua. Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 38 (Aperira [April] 1901): 2. Rpt. in Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908. Scenes from the Past With Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Hone Heke and A.T. Ngata. Wellington, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1908. 17. Rpt. in The Māori of New Zealand, Past, Present and Future: With Illustrations of Māori life and Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Rev. Hoani Parata. London: T. Hughes & Son, 1911. 35. Rpt. in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 74.
  • Sung to the rangi [tune]: "In Happy Moments." In its reprinted version in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, the Māori words are attributed to A. T. Ngata.
  • "E Kori Ra E Te Aroha." In "Te Kotahitanga O Te Aute." Tipi-Whenua. Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 38 (Aperira [April] 1901): 2. Rpt. in Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908. Scenes from the Past With Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Hone Heke and A.T. Ngata. Wellington, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs Limited, 1908. 18. Rpt. in The Māori of New Zealand, Past, Present and Future: With Illustrations of Māori life and Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Rev. Hoani Parata. London: T. Hughes & Son, 1911. 36. Rpt. in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 75.
  • Sung to the rangi [tune]: "The Old Folks at Home." In its reprinted version in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, the Māori words are attributed to A. T. Ngata.
  • "Te Kainga Tupu." Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908. Scenes from the Past With Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Hone Heke and A.T. Ngata. Wellington, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1908. 16. Rpt. in The Māori of New Zealand, Past, Present and Future: With Illustrations of Māori life and Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Rev. Hoani Parata. London: T. Hughes & Son, 1911. 34. Rpt. in Māori only in "A Noble Sacrifice" and "Hoea Ra Te Waka Nei" ("Come Where Duty Calls."). Words and action arranged by Hon. A. T. Ngata and P. H. Tomoana. Wellington, N.Z.: New Zealand Free Lance Office, 1919. 14. Rpt. in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 74.
  • This song is sung to the rangi [tune]: ‘Home, Sweet Home". In their introductory Note in Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908, Ngata and Heke write that the fourteen songs in this publication are ‘Māori versions of familiar English songs, written by the joint authors at various periods in sundry places since 1900.’ They add that it is claimed of the songs ‘that they catch the spirit of the original fairly well, while maintaining the purity of our mother language and its poetical qualities.’ In its reprinted version in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, the Māori words are attributed to A. T. Ngata.
  • "Mei Au Nga Whetu Ra." Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908. Scenes from the Past With Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Wellington, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1908. 20. Rpt. in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 75.
  • Writen by Hone Heke and A.T. Ngata.
  • "He Wa Wawata Roa! Kua Huri Nei." Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908. Scenes from the Past With Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Hone Heke and A.T. Ngata. Wellington, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1908. 21. Rpt. in The Māori of New Zealand, Past, Present and Future: With Illustrations of Māori life and Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Rev. Hoani Parata. London: T. Hughes & Son, 1911. 39. Rpt. in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27,1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 76.
  • Sung to the rangi [tune]: "Life’s dream is o’er! Farewell." In its reprinted version in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, the words are attributed to A. T. Ngata.
  • "He Pua Puawai." Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908. Scenes from the Past With Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Wellington, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs Limited, 1908. 25. Rpt. in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 77.
  • Written by Hone Heke and A. T. Ngata.
  • "Pupuhi, Hau Raumati." Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908. Scenes from the Past With Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Hone Heke and A. T. Ngata. Wellington, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1908. 78. Rpt. in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 28.
  • Written by Hone Heke and A. T. Ngata.
  • "A Noble Sacrifice." "A Noble Sacrifice" and "Hoea Ra Te Waka Nei" ("Come Where Duty Calls.") Wellington, N.Z.: New Zealand Free Lance Office, 1919. 1-3.
  • Words and action arranged by A. T. Ngata and P. H. Tomoana.
  • "Hoea Ra Te Waka Nei (Come Where Duty Calls)" "A Noble Sacrifice" and "Hoea Ra Te Waka Nei" ("Come Where Duty Calls.") Wellington, N.Z.: New Zealand Free Lance Office, 1919. 3-5.
  • Words and Action arranged by A. T. Ngata and P. H. Tomoana.
  • "A Noble Sacrifice." A Noble Sacrifice. Wellington, N.Z.: New Zealand Freelance Office, 1919. No further details.
  • Words and action arranged by A. T. Ngata and P. H. Tomoana.
  • "Hoea Ra Te Waka Nei/Come Where Duty Calls." A Noble Sacrifice. Wellington, N.Z.: New Zealand Freelance Office, 1919. No further details.
  • Words and action arranged by Hon. A. T. Ngata and P. H. Tomoana.
  • "He Mahi Kai Ano (The Cream Song)." Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 72. In Māori. Rpt. as "E Rere Rā Te Kir˚mi/The Cream Song." Trans. Margaret Orbell. The Penguin Book of New Zealand Verse. Ed. Ian Wedde and Harvey McQueen. Introd. and Notes Ian Wedde and Margaret Orbell, consultant to the editors. Auckland, N.Z.: Penguin, 1985. 119-121. Rpt. 1986, 1987.
  • In her editorial notes, Orbell writes that ‘t]his famous waiata-a-ringa was composed early this century by Apirana Ngata...at the time when he was encouraging his tribe of Ngāti Porou, on the East Coast, to take up dairy farming. His song helped his cause and also, it seems, served to welcome the Prime Minister when he attended the opening of the dairy factory at Ruatoria....The text is from Waitara, 1859-1936: Souvenir of Pomare Memorial Meeting [Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936.] edited, anonymously, by Apirana Ngata, p.72, and is published with permission of H. K. Ngata.’ [Ref. The Penguin Book of New Zealand Verse. 537.]
  • "He Putiputi Koe I Katohia." Programme of Māori Entertainment. Town Hall, Wellington, N.Z. Wednesday & Thursday, 27th and 28th May, 1936, at 8 p.m. Wellington, N.Z.: Blundell Bros, 1936. 13. Rpt. in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 71.
  • The Hui Whakamahara notes state that this is a ‘Māori version in two verses of the chorus of "You’re just a flower from an old bouquet." Composed in 1925-26 by Sir A. T. Ngata, and has gone the rounds of the maraes and villages of the Dominion.’
  • "E Koe Te Kare A Roto." Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 77.
  • Sung to the rangi [tune]: "You are my darling."
  • "Hoki Mai Ra Ki Te Kainga!" Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 78.
  • The notes accompanying this song state that A. T. Ngata arranged the words ‘for use at East Coast receptions to returning Māori soldiers’ and that the rangi [tune] is ‘a melody used by the Moteo Māori Orchestra as an overture to the better known "E Pari Ra."
  • "Te Wiwi Nati!" Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 79.
  • The Hui Whakamahara notes state that this Māori version by A. T. Ngata was ‘arranged for the Ngāti-Porou section of the 19th Māori Reinforcements, and the song with action sung by them at Pakipaki, Hastings, in March, 1917. The occasion was the farewell to these Māori recruits on their way to the training camp at Narrow-neck, and the reception to Sir James Carroll on his return from overseas.’ The song is sung to the rangi [tune] "My little Dream Girl".
  • "I Runga O Nga Puke." Trans. A. T. Ngata. Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare, Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 79-80.
  • The Hui Whakamahara notes state that this is ‘[b]ased on a song which was current in the Rotorua district in the summer of 1914, and later adapted in both words and air by Paraire Tomoana of Hastings. The song, "I runga o nga Puke," will long be associated with Second Māori Contingent, which was farewelled in the Wellington Town Hall in September, 1915. The English version is by A. T. Ngata.’ A love song in which the war has separated two lovers.
  • "Kia Ora Ra Koutou." ibid. 78. Rpt. in "Māori Action Songs." Kingi Ihaka. Te Ao Hou 24 (1958): 21.
  • The notes in Māori and English accompanying this song state: "The compilers cannot trace the source of the melody. They first heard the Hukarere girls singing what is here the third verse which was probably composed by Paraire Tomoana. Verses 1 and 2 were arranged by A. T. Ngata, and the whole song was sung with appropriate action by the Takitimu and Horouta girls at the "Hui Aroha," Gisborne, in April, 1919." Kingi Ihaka writes that this song was ‘one of the favourites of the Tairawhiti Kiwi Club of Gisborne during 1939-45" ("Māori Action Songs." Te Ao Hou 24 (1958): 20-21.).
  • "Karanga Mai." In ‘Karanga Mai: He Waiata Manaaki Na Henare Waitoa o Ngāti Porou." Koro Dewes. Te Māori: The Official Journal of the New Zealand Māori Council 2.2 (Feb.-Mar. 1971): 1.
  • Written in Māori by Henare Waitoa with second and third verse added by Sir Apirana Ngata. Dewes provides the Māori text of this waiata by Henare Waitoa of Ngāti Porou and explanatory notes in Māori. In a concluding note translated into English Dewes writes that this action song was ‘performed by the Ngāti Putaanga group during world war two and the war effort on the home front.’ Dewes adds that ‘Sir Apirana Ngata was so inspired that he composed the second and third verses.’

    • Non-fiction

  • "The Past and Future of the Māori." The Weekly Press 1 Dec. 1892: 4; 8 Dec. 1892: 4; 15 Dec 1892: 4. Rpt. in The Press 3 Dec. 1892: 4; 12 Dec, 1892: 2; 19 Dec. 1892: 2. 1892. Rpt. as The Past and Future of the Māori. Christchurch, N.Z.: Christchurch Press, 1893.
  • A series of three articles printed in The Weekly Press and The Press in December 1892, which were republished as a separate publication, The Past and Future of the Māori in 1893. Ngata provides an account of the history of the Māori and discusses the Māori origins and mythology, the voyages of the seven canoes (Mataatua, Tainui, Te Arawa, Horouta, Aotea, Tokomaru and Kuruaupo), and the impact of European settlement on Māoridom.
  • The Past and Future of the Māori. Christchurch, N.Z.: Christchurch Press Co., 1893.
  • See reference under non-fiction article of the same title.
  • "Notes On The Rev. H. W. Williams’ Paper On ‘The Māori Whare’." Journal of the Polynesian Society 6 (1897): 85-88.
  • A critique of Rev. H. W. Williams’ detailed essay "The Māori Whare" (published in the Journal of the Polynesian Society 5 (1896): 145-155), with fifteen observations made by Ngata’s father, Paratene Ngata, concerning Williams’ paper.
  • "The Employment of Māoris After Leaving School: Paper No. 5." Papers and Addresses Read Before the First Conference of the Te Aute College Students’ Association, February, 1897. Gisborne, N.Z.: Herald Office, 1897. 17-22.
  • An examination of the employment prospects for Māori school leavers under the headings of labouring work, trades, farming and professions.
  • "Māori Politics and Our Relation Thereto: Paper No. 9." Papers and Addresses Read Before the First Conference of the Te Aute College Students’ Association, February, 1897. Gisborne, N.Z.: Herald Office, 1897. 32-35.
  • In this paper on the relationship between Māori and politics, Ngata summarises the key political issues of the late 1890s as the sale of Māori land, the Native Land Court, the Māori Parliaments, Kotahitanga and the Māori King movement.
  • "Sexual Immorality Amongst The Māoris: Paper No. 11." Papers and Addresses Read Before the First Conference of the Te Aute College Students’ Association, February, 1897. Gisborne, N.Z.: Herald Office, 1897. 40-42.
  • A discussion on sex and marriage in Māori society.
  • "SOCIAL: Being Suggestions for a Scheme of Reform Work among the Māori People: Paper No. 12." Papers and Addresses Read Before the First Conference of the Te Aute College Students’ Association, February, 1897. Gisborne, N.Z.: Herald Office, 1897. 43-46.
  • Noting that the Constitution of the Te Aute College Students Association aims ‘to aid in the amelioration of the condition of the Māori race physically, intellectually, morally, and spiritually’, Ngata assesses areas of possible reform.
  • "A Plea for the Unity of the Māori People." Papers and Addresses Read Before the Second Conference of the Te Aute College Students’ Association, December, 1897. Napier, N.Z.: Daily Telegraph Office, 1898. 23-27.
  • In this call for a ‘united Māori people’ Ngata provides a discussion on the Kotahitanga movement.
  • "The Education of Māori Girls." Papers and Addresses Read Before the Second Conference of the Te Aute College Students’ Association, December, 1897. Napier, N.Z.: Daily Telegraph Office, 1898. 27-29.
  • A paper on the education of Māori girls which Ngata states ‘has not kept pace with the training of the boys.’
  • "Māori Population Statistics." Papers and Addresses Read Before the Third Conference of the Te Aute College Students’ Association, held at Tamata-o-Mihi, Tuparoa, East Coast, December, 1898. Southbridge, N.Z.: Ellesmere Guardian Office, 1899. 8-14. Rpt. in The Māori Population. Ser. No. 3. Dunedin, N.Z.: Victorian New Zealand - A Reprint Series No. 3, Hocken Library, U of Otago, 1977. 33-38.
  • Drawing from census figures and estimates of the Māori population between the years 1857 (56,049) and 1896 (39,854), Ngata examines the various causes of the dramatic reduction in the Māori population.
  • "Waikato Taniwha-Rau." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 32 (Oketopa [October] 1900): 8-9. In Māori. "Waikato Taniwha-Rau." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama. 33 (Noema [November] 1900): 2. Rpt. as "Waikato of a Hundred Taniwhas." Te Ao Hou 17 (1956): 15-18. In Māori and English. Rpt. in Māori and English in Countless Signs: The New Zealand Landscape in Literature. Comp. Trudie McNaughton. Auckland, N.Z.: Reed Methuen, 1986. 90-92.
  • This is the first part of a report published by Ngata in Te Pipiwharauroa after his two month tour of the Waikato in 1900. He explains the meaning of the proverb, ‘Waikato of a hundred taniwha, a taniwha at every bend’ and describes the geography of the Waikato Plains. He gives an account of the King Movement which he observes ‘can be an instrument for the uniting of all tribes, as it has been to the Waikato since the days of Potatau.’
  • "Waikato Taniwha-Rau." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 34 (Tihema [December] 1900): 4-5. In Māori. Rpt. as "Waikato Taniwharau." Trans. Rev. Hohepa Taepa. Te Ao Hou 18 (1957): 18-21.
  • This second part of Ngata’s Te Pipiwharauroa series on the Waikato is divided under the following headings: King Mahuta, Te Kauhanganui, The People, The Means Of Livelihood and The Faith.
  • "The Poi-Dance." Royalty in New Zealand: The Visit of Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York to New Zealand, 10th to 27th June, 1901. A Descriptive Narrative. R. A. Loughnan. Wellington, N.Z.: John MacKay, Govt Printer, 1901. 61-135. Rpt. in Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908. Scenes from the Past With Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Hone Heke and A.T. Ngata. Wellington, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs Limited, 1908. 11-15. Rpt. in The Māori of New Zealand, Past, Present and Future: With Illustrations of Māori life and Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. The Rev. Hoani Parata. London: T. Hughes & Son, 1911. 31-33. Rpt. in "A Noble Sacrifice" and "Hoea Ra Te Waka Nei" ("Come Where Duty Calls."). Words and action arranged by Hon. A. T. Ngata and P. H. Tomoana. Wellington, N.Z.: New Zealand Free Lance Office, 1919. 10-14. Rpt. in Souvenir of the Ngarimu Victoria Cross Investiture Meeting and Reception to His Excellency the Governor-General Sir Cyril Newall: Whakarua Park Ruatoria, East Coast, 6 October 1943. Programme & Texts of Items. [Gisborne], N.Z.: Gisborne Herald, [1943]: 38-40.
  • Ngata writes an evocative description of the performance of the single poi and double poi. In the introductory Note in Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908, Ngata and Hone Heke write that ‘[t]he description of the "Poi Dance" is adapted from the author’s contribution to the account of the great Māori reception at Rotorua to T. R. H. the Duke and Duchess of York, in 1901.’
  • "Kauwhau A Nga Mema." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 93 (Tihema [December], 1905): 2-3. In Māori. Rpt. as "The Election Policy of Apirana Ngata: Kauwhau A Mema: Me Aha Te Taura Here Mo Nga Morehu Whenua?/What Policy Should Be Carried Out With The Remnants Of Māori Land?" Trans. N. P. K. Puriri and K. Dewes. Te Kaunihera Māori: New Zealand Māori Council Journal 3.1 (Apr. 1968): 19+.
  • In this Election Manifesto for the 1905 General Election, Ngata addresses the issue of diminishing Māori land and the threat of further legislation that would alienate more Māori land. Ngata writes of his policy of land development and promises to ‘seek all avenues that are available to help individuals and communities to enable them to develop their lands.’
  • Māori Grammar and Conversation with Vocabulary. Rev. and enl. W. W. Bird. 6th rpt. Christchurch, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, [1948]. 1st ed., 1906.
  • "Māori Representation." Te Aute Association Twelfth Annual Conference held at Orakei, Auckland, N.Z., 24 February 1908. No further details.
  • Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908. Scenes from the Past With Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Hone Heke and A.T. Ngata. Wellington, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1908.
  • In their opening Note, Heke and Ngata state that this booklet brings together material that ‘has already appeared in print in various publications not accessible to the ordinary reader.’ Included in the booklet is Ngata’s poem "A Scene from the Past" and an essay by Ngata written in 1901 entitled "The Poi-Dance" which describes in very descriptive language the single poi dance and the double poi dance. The latter part of the book contains fourteen Māori songs which the authors state are ‘Māori versions of familiar English songs, written by the joint authors at various periods in sundry places since 1900.’ Ngata and Heke add that: ‘It is claimed for them [the songs] that they catch the spirit of the original fairly well, while maintaining the purity of our mother language and its poetical qualities.’ The titles of the songs are: Te Kainga Tupu; Nga Tumanako o Nga Ra; E Kori Ra o Te Aroha; Maranga Ki Runga; Mei Au Nga Whetu Ra; He Wa Wawata Roa! Kua Huri Nei; Nga Hoia A Te Kuini; He Aroha Ra!; Kia Kotahi He Tau; He Pua Puawai; Au Mokemoke; E Nita!; Pupuhi, Hau Raunati!; and He Ruri Aroha.
  • "A Noble Sacrifice" and "Hoea Ra Te Waka Nei" ("Come Where Duty Calls.") Wellington, N.Z.: New Zealand Free Lance Office, 1919.
  • Words and action arranged by A. T. Ngata and P. H. Tomoana.
  • Toa Takitini: Collection of Māori Songs. Sept. 1924. No further details.
  • "Anthropology and the Government of Native Races in the Pacific." The Australasian Journal of Psychology and Philosophy 6.1 (Mar. 1928): 1-14. Rpt. in New Zealand Affairs. Apirana Ngata et al. Christchurch, N.Z.: New Zealand Branch of the Institute of Pacific Relations; L. M. Isitt, 1929. 22-44.
  • In this text of an address presented to the Wellington branch of the Australasian Association of Psychology and Philosophy on Sept 28, 1927, Ngata states that his brief is ‘to discuss the impact of imported cultures under control of civilised governments on pre-existing native polity; and...to indicate the method whereby the native mind may be influenced to surrender its concepts and to accept the new ideas.’ In evaluating the way Māori have been studied Ngata touches briefly on the role of the researcher and critiques the role of the early missionaries and pakeha immigrants who ‘adopted a pose of superiority, and air of self-sufficiency, that refused to learn aught from a barbarous people or to brook anything but the imposition of their transplanted culture on the barbarians whom they found in prior occupation.’
  • New Zealand Affairs. Sir Apirana T. Ngata et al. Christchurch, N.Z.: L. M. Isitt, 1929.
  • A collection of twelve papers by members of the New Zealand Branch of the Institute of Pacific Relations, including Apirana Ngata, which was published prior to the Institute’s conference in Kyoto, Japan in October and November 1929. Ngata’s paper is entitled "Anthropology and the Government of Native Races in the Pacific."
  • "Native Land Development Statement." Appendices to N.Z. H of R.J. xxiii. Wellington, N.Z.: Govt. Printer, 1931.
  • "Māori Research: Unique Field in Poverty Bay: Ethnological, Historical and Economic." Echoes of the Pa: Proceedings of the Tairawhiti Māori Association for the Year 1932. Gisborne, N.Z.: Tairawhiti Māori Association; Gisborne Publishing Co., 1933. 6-10.
  • Notes taken from Ngata’s opening address to members of the Tairawhiti Māori Association on 23 November 1931, in which Ngata advocates the need for research in the following areas: the history of Titirangi Pa, Māori place names in Poverty Bay and their historical associations, the descendants of Toi and Kahungunu, and the history of Gisborne. In conducting Māori research, Ngata states that important sources of Māori history are found in traditional waiata, traditions, Native Land Courts and the old people.
  • Foreword. Captain William Hobson: First Governor of New Zealand. Guy H. Scholefield. [Oxford, Gt. Brit.]: Oxford UP, 1934. 9-10.
  • Ngata discusses the contribution of Dr Scholefield’s Captain William Hobson: First Governor of New Zealand, to ‘the historical literature of the young Dominion’.
  • Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare. Maukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936].
  • This is a souvenir booklet accompanying the memorial ceremonies for Sir Maui Pomare which were held in June, 1936, at Waitara. The booklet contains a short biography of Pomare, provides the Māori text of Rima Wakarua’s welcome speech, and contains various parliamentary tributes to Pomare. The publication also includes a tribute to Lady Miria Pomare, extracts from the writing of Sir Peter Buck and a detailed description of the carved memorial runanga house, Te Ikaroa-a-Maui. Ngata was very involved with the construction of this carved house and he possibly wrote this comprehensive essay. The booklet concludes with a collection of 28 Māori songs with fifteen being written or partially composed by A. T. Ngata, Ngata’s "A Scene From the Past" is reprinted as are six hakas with English translations. Margaret Orbell writes in her editorial notes in The Penguin Book of New Zealand Verse that Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare was ‘edited, anonymously, by Apirana Ngata’.
  • "Centennial Project: No. 6 – Honiana Te Puni." N.Z. Centennial News 6 (25 Feb. 1939): 10-11.
  • Ngata wrote the first part of this article.
  • "Māori Land Settlement." The Māori People Today: A General Survey. Ed. I. L. G. Sutherland. Christchurch, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, under the auspices of the New Zealand Institute of International Affairs & the New Zealand Council for Educational Research, 1940. 96-154.
  • A highly comprehensive and lengthy essay on the traditional Māori approach to land acquisition, the impact of European settlement and the impact of successive legislation on Māori land.
  • "Tribal Organisation." The Māori People Today: A General Survey. Ed. I. L. G. Sutherland. Christchurch, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, under the auspices of the New Zealand Institute of International Affairs & the New Zealand Council for Educational Research, 1940. 155-181.
  • Ngata writes that his aim in this paper is ‘to see to what extent the ancient and characteristic tribal system of the Māori still prevails and the degree to which it influences Māori society today.’ While many aspects of Māori life have accommodated Pakeha ways, Ngata writes that the tribal boundaries have changed very little since 1840 and that a tribal consciousness still exists amongst Māori in sports events, Māori electorates, Māori Council districts, and the recruiting for the Māori Battalion.
  • "Māori Arts and Crafts." The Māori People Today: A General Survey. Ed. I. L. G. Sutherland. Christchurch, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, under the auspices of the New Zealand Institute of International Affairs & the New Zealand Council for Educational Research, 1940. 307-335.
  • A comprehensive essay on the history and development of the traditional arts and crafts of the Māori with a detailed discussion on the carved meeting house. Ngata writes of the establishment of the School of Māori Arts and Crafts in Rotorua in 1927 which he states ‘represented one of the most important of the measures taken towards the rehabilitation of the Māori.’ Ngata describes weaving techniques, waiata and the construction of waka.
  • "Religious Influences." The Māori People Today: A General Survey. Ed. I. L. G. Sutherland. Christchurch, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, under the auspices of the New Zealand Institute of International Affairs & the New Zealand Council for Educational Research, 1940. 336-373.
  • Co-authors Apirana T. Ngata and I. L. G. Sutherland. In this essay Ngata and Sutherland discuss traditional Māori spirituality taught in the whare wananga and examine the impact of Christianity on the Måori belief system. The authors note disenchantment with some aspects of Christianity because of land abuses and confiscations, the emergence of hauhauism, the Kingite movement, Ringatu, the teaching of Te Whiti, and Ratana, and the development of Māori components in the Anglican, Methodist and Roman Catholic churches. They observe that in contemporary society there is tolerance and accommodation of the different denominations and religious groups represented in Māoridom.
  • "Death Of Mr H. Balneavis, M.V.O." N.Z. Centennial News 14 (15 Aug. 1940): 48.
  • The Price of Citizenship: Ngarimu V.C. [Wellington, N.Z.?]: Whitcombe & Tombs, [1943 ?].
  • In the four chapters of this small booklet, Ngata writes a tribute to Moana-nui-a-Kiwi Ngarimu and includes the account of Ngarimu’s death written by Battalion Commander, Lieut-Colonel Charles M. Bennett in English and Māori. The other chapters focus on the Māori Warrior of the past, the Māori conscription for the Second World War (which includes a potted biography of Ngarimu and other Māori heroes in the Battalion), and a detailed history of the Māori Battalion. The book concludes with the ‘Nominal Roll of Officers and Other Ranks who Embarked from New Zealand with the 28th (Māori) Battalion and Reinforcements.’
  • Souvenir of the Ngarimu Victoria Cross Investiture Meeting and Reception to His Excellency the Governor-General Sir Cyril Newall: Whakarua Park Ruatoria, East Coast, 6 October 1943. Programme & Texts of Items. [Gisborne], N.Z.: Gisborne Herald, [1943].
  • While Ngata’s name does not appear as compiler of this Souvenir programme of the Ngarimu Victoria Cross Investiture or as author of the ‘Comments’, Eric Ramsden writes that it was Ngata who ‘organised and directed the great V. C. commemoration ceremony in 1943, when Vice-Royalty, the Government, and Māori and Pakeha alike honoured the memory of the first Māori winner of that coveted decoration’ [Ref. Ramsden, Eric. Sir Apirana Ngata and Māori Culture. Wellington, N.Z.: A. H. & A. W. Reed, 1948. 61.]. The detailed descriptions of the various waiata, the English translations, the genealogical and historical notes, and the various references to other texts by Ngata that have been published in Nga Moteatea volumes, The Price of Citizenship and Royalty in New Zealand strongly suggest that Ngata compiled and wrote these programme notes. The programme contains a description of the welcome reception given by Ngāti Porou, Te Whanau-A-Apanui and associated Māori tribes, a brief outline of the Investiture, a reprinting of Ngata’s poem "A Scene From the Past" and his essay "The Poi-Dance", and a ‘Supplement to the Souvenir Programme’ with texts and commentary of other items performed at the investiture.
  • "Nga Moteatea, Part 1. Journal of the Polynesian Society Memoir Supplement." Journal of the Polynesian Society 54 (1945): 65-72.
  • Foreword. The Māori People and Us. Norman Smith. Wellington, N.Z.: Māori Purposes Fund Board, A. H. & A. W. Reed, 1948. 7-8.
  • In his Foreword Ngata welcomes what he describes as a ‘well-reasoned and suitably worded precis of [Māori land confiscation] submissions’, with its reexamination of New Zealand history.
  • "Some Aspects of Māori Culture." Sir Apirana Ngata and Māori Culture. Eric Ramsden. Wellington, N.Z.: A.H. & A.W. Reed, 1948. 83-111.
  • In Part 2 of his biography of Sir Apirana Ngata, Eric Ramsden reproduces extracts of Ngata’s address to the Polynesian Society on 10 June, 1947, which were published in an editorial in The Dominion. In this paper Ngata discusses general guidelines for Māori research and focuses on specific areas needing further research. He urges the Polynesian Society to republish important works on Māori history, Māori language studies and dictionaries, and to contribute in revising the Māori Bible and Williams’ dictionary. He calls for the correction of misspelt Māori place names and for the songs collected and recorded by the National Broadcasting Service to be annotated.
  • "The Io Cult - Early Migration - Puzzle of the Canoes." Journal of the Polynesian Society 59.4 (Dec 1950): 335-346.
  • The editorial notes preceding this text state that in 1949 John Te Herekiekie Grace sought permission from Apirana Ngata to record an informal talk by Ngata. The text of this talk is reproduced in an abridged version in the Journal of the Polynesian Society and in it Ngata discusses the Io Cult and Judge Maning’s involvement with the Cult. Ngata also speaks of the early Polynesian migrations to New Zealand and propounds a theory of paired or doubled canoes sailing to New Zealand.
  • "Rotorua." Royalty in New Zealand: The Visit of Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York to New Zealand, 10th to 27th June, 1901. A Descriptive Narrative. R. A. Loughnan. Wellington, N.Z.: John MacKay, Govt. Printer, 1901. 61-135. Extracts rpt. as "The Māori Gave His Best" in Te Ao Hou 6 (1953): 18+.
  • Ngata is acknowledged by R.A. Loughnan, the official historian of the 1901 Royal tour of New Zealand, to have contributed to the account of the Royal visit to Rotorua by providing the ‘narrative of the gathering of the tribal representatives at Rotorua, the vivid description of the Double Poi, and most of the account of the war dances of the Ngātiporou (his own tribe), and the Ngātikahungunu’. In Te Ao Hou’s reprint of extracts from this chapter, the editorial notes state: ‘There is evidence that a large part of the text reproduced below was written not by Mr Loughnan, but by Sir Apirana Ngata. We believe it is an important, if unknown part of his literary inheritance.’ Also included in the text is Ngata’s poem "A Scene from the Past."
  • "The Origin of Māori Carving: Part 1." Te Ao Hou 22 (1958): 30-37.
  • The Te Ao Hou notes prefacing this article state that this previously unpublished essay was ‘written around 1936, when Sir Apirana was deeply interested in Western and Northern carving styles because of his work on the Waitara carved meeting house.’ Te Ao Hou also observes that in the early 1930s Dr Gilbert Archey published papers on Māori carving and of particular interest to Ngata was Archey’s division of Māori carving into two main schools: one belonging to Northland, Taranaki and Hauraki, and the other belonging to Rotorua and East Coast. In Ngata’s detailed essay he reveals to the reader his process of tracing links between the carving styles of the different regions and tribes using oral sources, chants and old traditions and preparing a hypothesis that would add to Archey’s theory of two main schools of carving by suggesting that they had a common ancestor.
  • "The Origin of Māori Carving: Part 2." Te Ao Hou 23 (1958): 30-34.
  • Continuing his study of the links between the two carving schools articulated by Archey, Ngata looks closely at similarities between Northern carving and that of the Turanga House carved by Raharauhi Rukupo of the East Coast. Ngata argues for ‘a common centre somewhere between Whakatane and the East Coast’. In conclusion Ngata advocates the ‘urgent need’ for recording and tabulating all aspects of Māori carving drawing from the superior carved houses of the past and continuing the study up to present adaptations.
  • [Nga Moteatea] The Songs: Scattered Pieces From Many Canoe Areas. Comp. A. T. Ngata. Part 1. Wellington, N.Z.: Polynesian Soc., 1959.
  • Nga Moteatea. He Maramara Rere No Nga Waka Maha He Mea Kohikohi. E. S. Cliff (printers), 1928-29. Part 2, Māori Purposes Fund Board, 1961.
  • Te Tiriti O Waitangi: He Whakamarama. Hastings, N.Z.: Strickland and Bryant, 1922. Rpt as The Treaty of Waitangi: An Explanation/Te Tiriti O Waitangi: He Whakamarama. Trans. M. R. Jones. [Wellington, N.Z.: Māori Purposes Fund Board, 1963].
  • Ngata provides his views of the Treaty of Waitangi and gives an explanation of the three articles of the Treaty. The original article was written in Māori but an English translation by Mr M. Rotohiko Jones was reproduced in a supplementary booklet distributed with Te Ao Hou 42 (1963). Claudia Orange discusses this publication in depth in The Treaty of Waitangi. Wellington, N.Z.: Bridget Williams with assistance from the Historical Branch, Dept. of Internal Affairs, Wellington, N.Z., 1987. 228-229.
  • The Porourangi Māori cultural school. Wellington, N.Z.: Dept. of Anthropolgy, Victoria U, 1971. [Duplicated].
  • Same as Rauru-Nui-A-Toi Lectures [cited above].
  • Rauru-Nui-A-Toi Lectures and Ngāti-Kahungunu Origins. Gisborne, N.Z.: H. K. Ngata, 1972.
  • This is a collection of seven lectures presented to the Porourangi Māori Cultural School by Ngata in 1944, and an address by Ngata entitled "A Brief Account of Ngāti-Kahungunu Origins’ which was given to a Hawkes Bay historical society possibly in the 1930s. H. K. Ngata writes in his explanatory notes that Apirana’s papers suggest that a total of 13 lectures were planned in the Rauru-Nui-A-Toi series but only seven texts have been found. The lectures were delivered in weekly evening classes at different centres along the East Coast beginning with an introductory lecture at Ruatoria on April 4, 1944, in which Ngata declared that the purpose of the Porourangi Māori Cultural School was ‘to promote interest in the culture of the Māori people with special reference to the history and traditions of the East Coast tribes.’ He also announced that the school would be divided into two areas: the whare kariori dealing with ‘posture dances’, action songs and Māori language classes, and the whare wananga, named Rauru-Nui-A-Toi after the Ngāti Porou tupuna, which would focus on history, traditions, poetry and Māori language texts.
  • Nga Moteatea. He Maramara Rere No Nga Waka Maha He Mea Kohikohi. Part 1. Wellington, N.Z.: Published for the Polynesian Society by Reed, 1974.
  • Complete Manual of Māori Grammar and Conversation with Vocabulary. Ed. A. T. Ngata. Christchurch, N.Z.: Whitcombe and Tombs, 1898. 5th ed. Rev. and enl. by W. W. Bird. 1st AMS ed. New York: AMS Press; Auckland, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1979.
  • Provides pronunciation guidelines, grammar notes and extensive phrases and vocabulary under subject headings.
  • Nga Moteatea. He Maramara Rere No Nga Waka Maha: The Songs: Scattered Pieces From Many Canoe Areas. Part IV. Comp. A. T. Ngata. Auckland, N.Z.: Polynesian Society; Wellington, N.Z.: Alexander Turnbull Library Endowment Trust, [1990].

  • Other

  • Nga Kōrero o Te Hui o Hinetapora. Auckland, N.Z.: J. H. Field, [1896?]
  • A handwritten note on the opening page states that this is a "Report of a meeting held on 6.2.1896 at Mangahanea near Tuparoa for the opening of the house "Hinetapora". Issued by A.T. Ngata."
  • "He Reta Na Apirana Ngata. (He Mea Whakamāori)" Te Pipi-wharauroa: He-Kupu Whakamarama 14 (Aperira [April], 1899): 4-5.
  • A letter from Ngata written from Akarana [Auckland], dated Maehe [March] 14th, 1899.
  • "Te Reta Mai A Apirana Ngata, M.A., L.L.B. Pukapuka I: Ki nga Etita o Te Pipiwharauroa." Te Pipi-wharauroa: He-Kupu Whakamarama 15 (Mei [May], 1899): 7-8.
  • A letter to the Editor.
  • "Te Reta Mai A Apirana Ngata, M.A., L.L.B. Pukapuka II. Ki nga Etita o Te Pipiwharauroa." Te Pipi-wharauroa: He-Kupu Whakamarama 16 (Hune [June], 1899): 2-4.
  • A letter from Ngata dated 20 June, 1899, written from Te Rau, Gisborne.
  • "Ki te Etita o Te Pipiwhauroa." Te Pipi-wharauroa: He-Kupu Whakamarama 17 (Hurae [July], 1899): 5.
  • A letter from Ngata dated June 16th, 1899 from Te Aute Kareti.
  • "Pukapuka III: Ki Nga Etita o Te Pipiwharauroa." Te Pipi-wharauroa: He-Kupu Whakamarama 17 (Hurae [July], 1899): 6-7.
  • Dated Hurae [July] 1, 1899 and written from Greytown North.
  • "Te Reta Mai A A. Ngata, M.A., LL.B.: Pukapuka iv. Ngātiporou." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 18 (Akuhata [August] 1899): 8-9.
  • Written on August 3rd. 1899 from Te Rau, Gisborne.
  • "Te Reta Mai A A. T. Ngata, M.A., LL.B.: Pukapuka v. Ngātiporou. Ki nga Etita o Te Pipiwharauroa." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 19 (Hepetema [September]1899): 7-8.
  • "Nga Ope Manuao O Nga Iwi Nunui. 1. Ingarangi." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama. 21 (Noema [November] 1899): 3-5.
  • R.N. Erwin writes that this is about "Navies of the great nations."
  • "Te Reta A A. T. Ngata, M.A., LL.B. Pukapuka. v." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama. 21 (Noema [November] 1899): 9-10.
  • In R. N. Erwin’s annotations of these Ngata letters to the editor he notes that Ngata writes under headings of whakapono [religion], nga kura [schools], nga whakahaere nunui a te iwi [tribal administration].
  • "Rev. Eruera Kawhia." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 22 (Tihema [December] 1899): 5.
  • Obituary to Rev. Eruera Kawhia.
  • "Te Reta A A. T. Ngata. M.A., LL.B. (Kei te Nama 21 te Timatanga o tenei Kōrero)." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 22 (Tihema [December] 1899): 11-12.
  • Continued on from "Pukapuka v." in the previous edition.
  • "E Taka I To Marae." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 26 (Aperira [April] 1900): 10.
  • "He Wehenga Takiwa." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 27 (Mei [May] 1900): 5.
  • "Te Ngakau O Ingarangi." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 28 (Hune [June] 1900): 1.
  • "Te Paremete Māori." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 28 (Hune [June] 1900): 9-10.
  • A letter to the editor dated May 2, 1900.
  • "He Reta Ki A Tuhoe." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 29 (Hurae [July] 1900): 10.
  • "He Huihuinga Ekara." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 31 (Hepetema [September] 1900): 2-3.
  • "Waikato Taniwha-Rau. Wahi I." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama. 32 (Oketopa [October] 1900): 8-9. Rpt. as "Waikato of a Hundred Taniwhas." in Māori with English translation in Te Ao Hou 17 (1956): 15-18. Rpt. in Māori and English in Countless Signs: The New Zealand Landscape in Literature. Comp. Trudie McNaughton. Auckland, N.Z.: Reed Methuen, 1986. 90-92.
  • See annotation under Ngata’s non-fiction articles.
  • "Waikato Taniwha-Rau. 1. Te Kingitanga." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama. 33 (Noema [November] 1900): 2. Rpt. as "Waikato of a Hundred Taniwhas." in Māori with English translation in Te Ao Hou 17 (1956): 15-18. Rpt. in Māori and English in Countless Signs: The New Zealand Landscape in Literature. Comp. Trudie McNaughton. Auckland, N.Z.: Reed Methuen, 1986. 90-92.
  • See annotation under Ngata’s non-fiction articles.
  • "Waikato Taniwha-Rau. Wahi II." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 34 (Tihema [December] 1900): 4-5. Rpt. as "Waikato Taniwharau." in Māori with English translation by Rev. Hohepa Taepa in Te Ao Hou 18 (1957): 18-21.
  • See annotation under Ngata’s non-fiction articles.
  • "Ka Pu Te Ruha Ka Hao Te Ranga-Tahi." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 35 (Hanuere [January] 1901): 6-7.
  • "He Peta." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 35 (Hanuere [January] 1901): 9.
  • With two waiata.
  • "Te Tiupiri Ki Otautahi." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 36 (Pepuere [February] 1901): 13-14.
  • "He Reta Ki A Anaru Kaneki." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama 46 (Tihema [December] 1901): 6.
  • Letter written by Wi Pere, Hone Heke, Apirana T. Ngata, Heuheu Tukino and Patene Kerehi in Noema 1901.
  • "Te Hui Ki Rata, Tai-Hauauru. Pepuere 4 ki te 7, 1902." Te Pipiwharauroa, He Kupu Whakamarama. 48 (Pepuere [February] 1902): 8-9. Rpt. as Te Hui ki Rata, Tai-Hauauru. Pepuere 4 ki 7, 1902. Gisborne, N.Z.: Te Rau Press, [1902?].
  • "Nga Kareti Nunui." Te Toa Takitini 45 (Aperira [April] 1, 1925): 206-208.
  • "Te Piripono." Te Toa Takitini 45 (Aperira [April] 1, 1925): 213-214.
  • "Introduction To Māori Poetry." Nga Moteatea (1929). Rpt. as "Introduction To Māori Poetry by Sir Apirana Ngata: Supplement to ‘Toa Takitini’." Trans. W. T. Ngata. Arachne 3 (Dec. 1951): 2-7.
  • The unnamed writer [possibly Erik Schwimmer] of the opening article or editorial introducing Apirana Ngata’s "Introduction To Māori Poetry", "The Place of Māori Poetry." in Arachne 3 (Dec. 1951): 1-2, states that Ngata’s essay ‘gives an authorative review of the forms and nature of Māori poetry. It is significant that this essay, the only one of its kind in existence, should have remained inaccessible to English readers for over 20 years....The essay ought to establish beyond all doubt that New Zealand possesses an important heritage in the Māori ‘waiata’, whose verbal and imaginative power and controlled rhythmic strength still make it a formidable rival for the Pakeha verse that came after, and that the assimilation of this body of verse into the New Zealand poetic tradition would mean a considerable enrichment of that tradition.’ Ngata explains his process of gathering waiata and lists some of the existing collections of waiata. Drawing from a number of examples he notes the poetic language and deep meaning behind many lines from waiata, briefly writes on the melodies of waiata and concludes with a classification of Māori poetry into four broad areas: lullabies [popo, ara, and oriori]; laments [nga waiata tangi]; satires [nga patere, nga kaioraora]; and love songs [nga waiata whaiaipo].
  • Panui Mo Te Pooti O Te Tau 1935. Wellington, N.Z.: Harry H. Tombs, [1935].
  • A Māori language publication of fifteen chapters written in Oketopa [October] 1935.
  • A Message to the Māori People. Earl of Listowel [William Francis Hare Listowel]. Māori trans. Apirana Ngata. Wellington, N.Z.: E. V. Paul, Govt Printer, [1944]. [15-26].
  • Ngata provides a Māori translation of the Earl of Listowel’s address to the Māori people during the Arawa Confederation’s ceremonial welcome to the United Kingdom and Canadian delegates of the Empire Parliamentary Association at Tamatekapua Centennial Memorial Meeting House, Ohinemutu, on 27 July, 1944. Listowel strongly commends the contribution of the Māori in the Second World War, particularly notes the courage and bravery of the Māori troops, and hails many other aspects of Māori culture and tradition.
  • Na To Hoa Aroha: From Your Dear Friend: The Correspondence between Sir Apirana Ngata and Sir Peter Buck, 1920-50. Introd. and notes by M. P. K. Sorrenson. Vol. 1. [Auckland, N.Z.]: Auckland UP in association with the Alexander Turnbull Library Endowment Trust and the Māori Purposes Fund Board, 1986.
  • Includes an introduction by M.P.K. Sorrenson and letters between Sir Apirana Ngata and Sir Peter Buck dated 20 October 1925 to 9 November 1929. Sorrenson notes that from 1925-1950 Ngata and Buck wrote almost 200 letters to each other, and in these three volumes Sorrenson has reproduced 174 of these letters.
  • Na To Hoa Aroha: From Your Dear Friend: The Correspondence between Sir Apirana Ngata and Sir Peter Buck, 1920-50. Notes by M. P. K. Sorrenson. Vol. 2. [Auckland, N.Z.]: Auckland UP in association with the Alexander Turnbull Library Endowment Trust and the Māori Purposes Fund Board, 1986.
  • Contains letters from 4 May 1930 to 12 August 1932.
  • Na To Hoa Aroha: From Your Dear Friend: The Correspondence between Sir Apirana Ngata and Sir Peter Buck, 1920-50. Introd. and notes by M. P. K. Sorrenson. Vol. 3. [Auckland, N.Z.]: Auckland UP in association with the Alexander Turnbull Library Endowment Trust and the Māori Purposes Fund Board, 1986.
  • Letters dated from 15 August 1932 to 5 March 1950. Includes epilogue and index to the three volumes.
  • Traue, J.E. "The additional songs collected by Sir Apirana Ngata for part IV of Nga Moteatea." Turnbull Library Report 23.1 (1990): 77-79.

  • Papers/Presentations

  • "The Genealogical Method As Applied To The Early History of New Zealand." [?:?, 1929?]
  • In this text of a paper presented to the Wellington Branch of the Historical Society, Ngata opens by challenging the Society not to restrict their research simply to written accounts by the early European settlers but to also make a comprehensive study of Māori genealogical records which he believes should be ‘collected, tabulated, and incorporated among the most valuable of our archives.’ Ngata outlines the areas which can be studied through a genealogical approach to research: the development of tribal organisation; the social system; evidence of close in-breeding; land titles and settlement; cultural adaptation; the law of primogeniture; patrilineal and matrilineal descent; and miscegenation. In his letter to Sir Peter Buck dated June 23, 1928, Ngata writes that this paper ‘is an endeavour to justify the plea that collections of Māori whakapapa should rank with other material among the archives’ [Na To Hoa Aroha: From Your Dear Friend, vol. 1: 102.]. Ngata presented a version of the paper to the fourth New Zealand Science Congress, 24-29 January [Na To Hoa Aroha: From Your Dear Friend, vol. 1: 102, vol. 1: 205.]. In his preliminary bibliography of the printed work of Sir Apirana Ngata, R. N. Erwin writes that ‘[t]here is no internal evidence as to the date of this paper but in the N.S. Inst. Procs. v 60, 1929, among the minutes of the annual meeting, 1929, is listed a paper by Ngata entitled "The genealogical method as the basis of investigation into the social organisation of the Māoris" which was delivered on the 25th of January 1929. One is clearly a revised or amended version of the other.’ [Ref. R. N. Erwin. Sir Apirana Ngata: A Preliminary Bibliography Of His Printed Work. Wellington, N.Z.: Library School, National Library Service, 1964. 13.]
  • "Whare Runanga: National Māori Memorial: Opening Ceremony." N.Z. Centennial News 13 (1 Apr. 1940): 25-29.
  • Ngata along with the other Māori Members of Parliament - P. K. Paikea, H. T. Ratana, and E. T. Tirikatene and others welcome the Governor General Lord Galway and Lady Galway to the opening ceremony of the Whare Runanga – the National Māori Memorial. Ngata discusses the state of Māoridom one hundred years after the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, presses for the settlement of outstanding grievances, and expresses Māori concern at the imposition of taxes.

    • Poetry

  • "A Scene from the Past (A Description of the Māori Haka)." Written for the Dialectic Society of Canterbury College, 1892. Rpt. in Auckland Star. 25 Oct. 1894. No further details. Rpt. in Royalty in New Zealand: The Visit of Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York to New Zealand, 10th to 27th June, 1901. A Descriptive Narrative. R. A. Loughnan. Wellington, N.Z.: John MacKay, Govt. Printer, 1901. 102-104. Rpt. in Souvenir of Māori Congress, July, 1908. Scenes from the Past With Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Hone Heke and A. T. Ngata. Wellington, N.Z.: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1908. 5-10. Rpt. in The Māori of New Zealand, Past, Present and Future: With Illustrations of Māori Life and Māori Versions of Popular English Songs. Rev. Hoani Parata. London: T. Hughes & Son, 1911. 24-28. Rpt. as "Scenes from the Past." in "A Noble Sacrifice" and "Hoea Ra Te Waka Nei" ("Come Where Duty Calls."). Words and action arranged by Hon. A. T. Ngata and P. H. Tomoana. Wellington, N.Z.: New Zealand Free Lance Office, 1919. 5-10. Rpt in Hui Whakamahara Ki a Maui Pomare: Manukorihi Pa, Waitara, Hune 23-27, 1936. New Plymouth, N.Z.: McLeod & Slade, [1936]. 82-85. Rpt. in Souvenir of the Ngarimu Victoria Cross Investiture Meeting and Reception to His Excellency the Governor-General Sir Cyril Newall: Whakarua Park Ruatoria, East Coast, 6 October 1943. [Gisborne], N.Z.: Gisborne Herald, [1943]: 34-38. Rpt. in Sir Apirana Ngata and Māori Culture. Eric Ramsden. Wellington, N.Z.: Reed, 1948. 31-32.
  • A lengthy poem published in the form of Prologue and six parts.
  • "The March of the Spirits." (1894). Mentioned by Ramsden in Sir Apirana Ngata and Māori Culture. Eric Ramsden. Wellington, N.Z.: Reed, 1948. 32.

  • Sound recordings

  • MPT 170.
  • ‘A programme paying tribute to the man and his achievements. Compiled, narrated and produced by Selwyn Muru.’
  • MPT 226
  • ‘Keepa Ehau of Rotorua - Māori Tales (in Māori)’ a. Te Rerenga Wairua. b. Te Kotuku Rerenga Tahi. c. Recites "Scenes from the Past" by Sir Apirana Ngata in English.’
  • MPT 367.
  • ‘He waiata Māori - Waiata No. 7 is Tera Te Pukohu Ma Tonu Mai sung by Mere Katene. Taught to her by Apirana Ngata and tells about the journey of Paratene Ngata and others to a church hui in Harataunga.’
  • MPT 532.
  • ‘The Māori in N. Z. Politics - Ngata and the Young Māori Party - Jock McEwen/J. G. Laughton.’
  • MPT 537.
  • ‘Sir Apirana Ngata comments on songs performed by the Hiruharama Primary School.’
  • MPT 538.
  • ‘Sir Apirana Ngata tribute programme.’
  • MPT 539.
  • ‘W. T. Ngata speaks about his father, Sir Apirana Ngata/ Mr W. W. Bird - part 1 of "Songs of the Māori, recorded late 1936 or early 1937.’
  • MPT 540.
  • ‘Ngāti Porou - chants performed at Ohinemutu, March 1943. Explanations by Sir Apirana Ngata. Includes speech by Hon. K. Paikea.
  • MPT 803.
  • ‘Log hauling chant - Apirana Ngata.’
  • MPT 807.
  • ‘Sir Apirana Ngata - memorial service.’
  • MPT 1014.
  • ‘Apirana Ngata/ Jock McEwen.’
  • MPT 1015.
  • ‘Apirana Ngata - addresses cont.’
  • MPT 1581.
  • ‘Apirana Ngata speaks on the Cult of Io - 15’00’ This may not have been broadcast.’
  • MPT 1741
  • ‘Apirana Ngata explains the haka "Ka Mate".’
  • MPT 2118.
  • ‘Sir Apirana Ngata/Henare Ruru speaking at a Tuhoe hui probably early 1940’s - ex discs 3792 and 3791.
  • MPT 2127.
  • ‘Sir Apirana Ngata and Hiruharama school choir - programme compiled from old discs.’
  • MPT 3172.
  • ‘Māori Leadership - Apirana Ngata/Sir Peter Buck.’
  • MPT 8048 + 8102.
  • ‘Sir Apirana T. Ngata - speech and waiata. At Sir P. Buck’s Farewell, Auckland, N.Z. March 1949 (No. 2).
  • MPT 1587.
  • ‘Tribute to Apirana Ngata - 14.7.50 - Eric Ramsden.’
  • "Sir Apirana Ngata explains the Ringatu movement." Timaru, N.Z.: Radio New Zealand Sound Archives, [1986?]

    Films/Video

  • ‘Sir Apirana Ngata.’ Pounamu Series. Prod. Morehu MacDonald. [199?].
  • This was one of six biographical documentaries screened in the early 1990s.

    • Non-fiction

  • Butterworth, G.V. "The politics of adaptation [microform]: the career of Sir Apirana Ngata, 1874-1928." MA Thesis Victoria U of Wellington, N.Z., 1969. Palmerston North, N.Z.: Manawatu Microfilm Services, [19--].
  • Butterworth, Graham. Sir Apirana Ngata. Wellington, N.Z.: Reed, [1968].
  • Butterworth gave three talks on Ngata entitled "The Man and His Achievements", "The Health of the Body, the Health of the Land", and "Māori Identity and Self Esteem."
  • "Crusade through Parliament." Journal of the Polynesian Society 59.4 (1950): 295-318.
  • Quotations taken from Hansard.
  • Holland, S.G. et al. "Legislators’ Tributes." Hansard 289: 556-578; 290: 1026. Rpt. in Journal of the Polynesian Society 59.4 (1950): 319+.
  • King, Michael. Apirana Ngata: E Tipu E Rea. (Te Kete Raukura) Wellington, N.Z.: Dept. of Education, 1988.
  • "Māori World Shows Gloom at Loss of Sir Apirana/Ko Te "Hui Hurahanga I Te Pohatu O Ta Apirana Ngata." Te Ao Hou 2 (1953): 3- 9.
  • "Memorial Number To Sir Apirana Nohopari Turupa Ngata, Kt: Late President of the Society 1938-1950." Journal of the Polynesian Society 59.4 (Dec. 1950).
  • This memorial to Ngata is composed of the following articles: Skinner, H.D. "Apirana Turupa Ngata, 1874-1951[sic 1950]: A Tribute by the President of the Polynesian Society pp. 277-279; "Apirana Nohopari Turupa Ngata (Extract from his father’s Journal)." including Māori and English versions, pp. 280-285; "Genealogy." p. 286.; "The Place of Sir Apirana Ngata In Māori Acculturation." pp. 287-292; Sutherland, Prof. I. L. G. "Leader of Genius." pp. 293-294; "Crusade Through Parliament." pp. 295-318; "Legislators’ Tributes. (Hansard, Vol. 289; pp. 556-78; Vol. 290; p.1026.); Ngata, A.T. "The Io Cult -Early Migration - Puzzle of the Canoes." pp. 335-346; "Principal Writing of Sir Apirana Ngata." pp. 347-348.
  • Ngata, H. K. "My Father and Te Aute." The Story of Te Aute College. R. R. Alexander. Wellington, N.Z.: Reed, 1951. 211-212.
  • Ngata, Paratene. "Apirana Nohopari Turupa Ngata." Journal of the Polynesian Society 59 (1950): 280-285.
  • Extract in Māori and English from the journal kept by Paratene Ngata.
  • "Obituary and Memorial Tributes." Journal of the Polynesian Society 59 (1950): 277-334, 374.
  • Ramsden, Eric. Sir Apirana Ngata and Māori Culture. Wellington, N.Z.: Reed, 1948.
  • This biography of Ngata includes his paper "Some Aspects of Māori Culture," presented by Ngata to the Polynesian Society in Wellington, N.Z. in 1947.
  • [Skinner, H.D.] "Apirana Turupa Ngata, 1874-1951. A Tribute by the President of the Polynesian Society." Journal of the Polynesian Society 59.4 (1950): 277-279.
  • Sutherland, Prof. I.L.G. "Leader of Genius." Journal of the Polynesian Society 59.4 (1950): 293-294.
  • "The Place of Sir Apirana Ngata in Māori Acculturation." Journal of the Polynesian Society 59.4 (1950): 287-292.

  • Other

  • Benton, Richard A. Materials for Teaching and Learning the Māori Language: A bibliography of published materials for teaching Māori to speakers of other languages compiled and annotated by Richard A. Benton. Māori Unit, New Zealand Council for Educational Research, 1979. 5,22-23.
  • Clarkson, Susann. A Bibliography of writing relating to the New Zealand Novel and Poetry. Wellington, N.Z.: New Zealand Library School, 1967. 15.
  • Erai, Michelle, Fuli, Everdina, Irwin, Kathie and Wilcox, Lenaire. Māori Women: An Annotated Bibliography. [Wellington, N.Z.]: Michelle Erai, Everdina Fuli, Kathie Irwin and Lenaire Wilcox, 1991. 23.
  • Erwin, R.N. Sir Apirana Ngata: A Preliminary Bibliography Of His Printed Work. Bibliog. Ser. No. 7. Wellington, N.Z.: National Library Service, Library School, 1964.
  • McNaughton, Trudie. "Biographical Notes and Selected Bibliography." Countless Signs: The New Zealand Landscape in Literature. Com. Trudie McNaughton. Auckland, N.Z.: Reed Methuen, 1986. 376.
  • "Principal Writings of Sir Apirana Ngata." Journal of the Polynesian Society 59 (1950): 347-348.
  • Roth, Herbert. A Bibliography of New Zealand Education. Educational Research Ser. No. 41. Wellington, N.Z.: New Zealand Council for Educational Research, 1964. 24, 134.
  • Taylor, C. R. H. A Bibliography of Publications on the New Zealand Māori and the Moriori of the Chatham Islands. Oxford: Clarendon Press; Oxford UP, 1972. 25, 37, 40, 47, 49, 54, 60, 67, 84, 91, 115, 131.
  • Williams, John A. Politics of the New Zealand Māori: Protest and Cooperation, 1891-1909. [Auckland, N.Z.]: Auckland University Press, 1969. 188.

  • Reviews

    Na to hoa Aroha = From Your Dear Friend
  • Mikaere, Buddy. "Na to hoa Aroha = From Your Dear Friend." Te Karanga 4.1 (1988): 39.
  • Pollock, Nancy. "Review Article: From Your Dear Friend." New Zealand Journal of History 25.1 (1991): 59-65.
  • Nga Moteatea Part 1.
  • Oppenheim, Roger. Journal of the Polynesian Society 70 (1961): 384-386.
  • The Past and Future of the Māori
  • "News of the Day." The Press 1 Dec. 1892. 4.
  • "The Thoughts Of A Māori Chief." The Spectator [London] 11 Feb. 1893: 187-188.
  • A review of Ngata’s articles "The Past and Future of the Māori."
    • The Price of Citizenship
  • "The Māori Battalion." New Zealand Listener 28 Jan. 1944: 13.